政企分开
separate administrative functions from enterprise management separate administration from management
厂长(经理)负责制
the factory director (manager) responsibility system
实行董事会领导下的总经理负责制
practice the system of the director…general responsibility under the leadership of board of directors (BOD)
使大中型国营企业摆脱困境
extricate (free) the large and medium…sized State…owned enterprises from their predicament
技术更新/改造
technological updating/ renovation
跨地区、跨行业的企业
trans…regional and inter…trade enterprises
发展乡镇企业
expand (village and) township industries; develop rural industry
办经济实体
run economic entities
发展企业集团
develop conglomerates (enterprise groups)
关闭产品没有销路的企业
shut down (close down)the enterprises whose products have no market
亏损企业
money…losing (debt…ridden; loss…making; unprofitable) enterprises;
enterprises that operate at a loss
扭亏为赢(盈)
turn losses into profits
减员增效
increase efficiency by downsizing (reducing/cutting) the staff
增强竞争力
enhance (increase; sharpen) the competitiveness (the competitive ability)
放开粮食价格
to free (liberalize; decontrol; life the control over) the grain prices
从事个体和私人经济
become self…employed or work in the private sectors of the economy
个体户
self…employed households/people
个体工商业者
individual industrialists and businessmen
私人企业
private enterprises (companies; firms; businesses)
外资企业
foreign…invested (foreign…funded; foreign…financed; foreign…owned) enterprises
外商独资企业
wholly (solely) foreign…owned enterprises
中外合资企业100强
the top 100 Sino…foreign (Chinese…foreign) joint ventures
摩托罗拉是一个跨国公司
Motorola is a transnational corporation (a transnational; a multinational corporation;
a multinational)。
有限责任公司
limited…liability companies
母公司/子公司/分公司/办事处
the parent company/subsidiary/branch/representative office
全面投产(开工)
go into (enter) full operation; be fully operational
获薄利
earn (make) narrow profits
获厚利
earn (make; reap) substantial profits
产量比1997年增长了2倍
The output has increased 3 times (registered a 3…fold increase; increased 200%)
compared with 1997。
总产值创历史最高记录
Total output value hit a record high (an all…time high)。
生活/物价指数
the cost of living index/the price index
扣除通货膨胀因素后的人均实际年收入
the annual per…capita income in real terms (allowing for inflation)
连续五年丰收
bumper harvests for five consecutive years (for five years in a row; for five
years running; for five years on end; for the fifth consecutive year)
名牌产品
famous…brand products; brand…named products
精品
top quality articles
拳头产品
competitive products/ flagship products
创汇产品
foreign exchange (hard…currency ) earning exports
畅销货
marketable products; products with a good market; commodities in short
supply; goods in great demand
滞销货
unmarketable (unsalable; poor…selling) products
发优惠券以促销
issue discount shopping coupons to promote sales
有高附加值的高新技术产品
high and new technology products with high added value
售后服务
after…sale services
基础设施工程第一期
the first phase (stage) of the infrastructure project
两位数的增长率
two…digit growth
金融机构
financial institutions
商业银行
commercial banks
发行股票、债券
issue shares and bonds
融资
financing ; fund…raising
增加财政收入
increase the State tax revenue (fiscal revenue)
缺少流动资金
a shortage of circulating funds (floating capital)
东南亚金融危机
the southeast Asian financial crisis (turmoil)
人民币对美元汇率稳定
the stability of the RMB exchange rate against the USD
人民币贬值的压力
the depreciation (devaluation) pressure on the RMB
最终将实现人民币自由兑换
The free convertibility of the RMB will eventually be instituted。 (The RMB will finally become a convertible currency。)
与美元联系汇率制
the system of pegging the currency to the USD
美元对日圆稳步升值
The USD appreciated steadily against the Japanese yen。
呆帐与坏帐
stagnant debts and bad debts; non…performing funds
欧元/欧元区
the Euro/Euroland
依法收税
levy taxes acomording to law
加强税收政策
tighten tax collection
增值税
the value…added tax (VAT)
个人所得税
individual income tax
出口退税
refunding export taxes
保护性关税
protective tariffs
反倾销
anti…dumping
补贴与反补贴措施
subsidies and countervailing measures
上海证券交易所
the Shanghai Securities Exchange
股市指数
the stock market (exchange) indexes
股票热降温了
the stock craze has abated
期货市场/交易
the futures market/ transactions
有价证券投资
portfolio investment
牛市/熊市
a bull/bear market
股票指数突破1;300点大关
The stock index broke the 1;300…point mark。
当日指数以1;120点收盘
The index closed (finished; ended) at 1;120 on that day。
该公司的股票已上市
The stocks of the company have been listed。
( have gone public; have been launched)
拥有至少50%的股份
hold a minimum of 50 percent of the equity
一蹶不振的B股股市
a sluggish B…share market
综合指数停止下滑,上升28点,达到671点
The composite index stopped the declining momentum; gaining 28 points to 671。
道琼斯工业平均指数飙升至9;850点
The Dow Jones industrial average soared to 9;850 points。
(香港)恒生指数宽幅震荡
The Hang Seng Index fluctuated violently。
日经指数跌至今年最低点
The Nikkei Index fell to a record low for the year。
农村/城市信用合作社
rural/ urban credit cooperatives
股民
shareholders; stockholders
国库券
state treasury bonds; treasury bills
市场疲软
a(n) slack (sluggish; inactive; sagging) market
市场火旺
a(n) brisk (flourishing; active) market
买方/卖方市场
the buyer’s /seller’s market
报价
e a price; give a ation
招商
invite investment
吸引外资
attract foreign capital; lure overseas funds
投资热点
a popular investment spot; a hot destination for investment;
an investment hot spot
固定资本投资
investment in fixed assets
基础设施和基础工业投资
investment in infrastructure and basic industries
国际游资
hot money from abroad
招标/投标/中标
invite tenders (bids)/ submit a tender/ win(get) the tender
对外资企业有优惠政策
have preferential policies for (give favorable treatment to)
foreign…owned companies
给外国公司国民待遇
grant the national treatment to foreign companies
贸易顺差/贸易逆差
a trade surplus/ deficit
年营业额
the annual business volume (turnover)
贸易伙伴
a trade (trading) partner
进出口许可证制度
the import and export license system
改善出口商品结构
improve the export product mix
美国减少中国纺织品的进口配额
the American red